Acts 25 of 28

Acts 25

A new governor inherits an old prisoner; Paul declines to be transferred back to Jerusalem for trial and invokes his right as a Roman citizen to appeal directly to the emperor.

Summary

Festus arrives in his province and goes up from Caesarea to Jerusalem. The chief priests and principal men of the Jews present their case against Paul and ask Festus to transfer him to Jerusalem, planning an ambush on the way. Festus answers that Paul is being kept at Caesarea and that he himself will go there shortly; they should send their accusers along. After spending not more than eight or ten days in Jerusalem, Festus goes down to Caesarea. The next day he sits on the tribunal and orders Paul to be brought. The Jerusalem accusers surround Paul, bringing many serious charges they cannot prove. Paul offers his defence: I have committed no offence against the law of the Jews, or against the temple, or against Caesar. Festus, wishing to do the Jews a favour, asks Paul: do you wish to go up to Jerusalem and there be tried on these charges before me? Paul answers: I am standing before Caesar's tribunal, where I ought to be tried. To the Jews I have done no wrong, as you yourself know very well. If then I am a wrongdoer and have committed anything for which I deserve to die, I do not seek to escape death. But if there is nothing in their charges, no one can give me up to them. I appeal to Caesar.

Festus confers with his council and says: you have appealed to Caesar; to Caesar you shall go. When several days have passed, King Agrippa and Bernice arrive in Caesarea and pay their respects to Festus. Since they spend many days there, Festus lays Paul's case before Agrippa: there is a man left prisoner by Felix, about whom when I was at Jerusalem the chief priests and the elders of the Jews laid out their case, asking for a sentence of condemnation against him. I answered them that it is not the custom of the Romans to give up anyone before the accused met the accusers face to face and had opportunity to make a defense. When I held the hearing, the accusers brought no charge in his case that I supposed; they had certain points of dispute about their own religion and about a certain Jesus, who was dead, but whom Paul asserted to be alive. Agrippa says to Festus: I would like to hear the man myself. Tomorrow, says Festus, you will hear him.

All 28 chapters — click to jump
  1. Acts 1Chapter 1 is a prologue and a hinge.
  2. Acts 2Pentecost is the structural and theological engine of the whole book.
  3. Acts 3Chapter 3 is the first miracle narrative in Acts, and its structure follows a pattern the book will repeat: the sign, the crowd, the sermon, and the opposition (which comes in chapter 4).
  4. Acts 4Chapter 4 is the first formal opposition scene in Acts, and it establishes a pattern: arrest, interrogation, the apostles' refusal, release, prayer, and the Spirit's confirmation.
  5. Acts 5Chapter 5 is one of the most dramatically concentrated in the book.
  6. Acts 6Chapter 6 is transitional but efficient.
  7. Acts 7Chapter 7 is the theological and dramatic climax of the Jerusalem section.
  8. Acts 8Chapter 8 is the first chapter of the middle section — Judea and Samaria — and it works by juxtaposition.
  9. Acts 9Chapter 9 contains the first telling of Paul's conversion (the other two are in chapters 22 and 26), and it is worth reading all three consecutively to see how Luke shapes each one for its audience.
  10. Acts 10Chapter 10 is the structural pivot of the first half of Acts and one of the most carefully constructed chapters in the New Testament.
  11. Acts 11Chapter 11 has two movements.
  12. Acts 12Chapter 12 is the last major Peter chapter in Acts, and it works as a deliberate counterpoint to the Herod material.
  13. Acts 13Chapter 13 is the beginning of the long Pauline section, and it opens with a scene worth pausing over: the Spirit speaks during a worship service in Antioch — while they are worshipping and fasting — and sets Barnabas and Saul apart for a specific but unnamed work.
  14. Acts 14Chapter 14 completes the first missionary journey and its most memorable episode is the Lystra scene (verses 8-20).
  15. Acts 15Chapter 15 is the structural centre of Acts and one of the most important chapters in the New Testament.
  16. Acts 16Chapter 16 is one of the richest in Acts.
  17. Acts 17Chapter 17 covers three cities and demonstrates the range of Paul's rhetorical repertoire.
  18. Acts 18Chapter 18 is relatively measured in tone after the drama of chapter 17.
  19. Acts 19Chapter 19 is the longest account of Paul's settled ministry in any city and falls into two parts.
  20. Acts 20Chapter 20 is the most elegiac in Acts.
  21. Acts 21Chapter 21 is the beginning of the long arrest sequence that occupies the rest of the book.
  22. Acts 22Chapter 22 is the second telling of Paul's conversion (the first is in chapter 9, the third in chapter 26).
  23. Acts 23Chapter 23 is structurally a thriller: the Sanhedrin hearing (verses 1-10), the night vision in the barracks (verse 11), the assassination plot (verses 12-22), and the extraordinary military escort to Caesarea (verses 23-35).
  24. Acts 24Chapter 24 is the first of three formal hearings in Acts — before Felix (24), before Festus (25), and before Agrippa (26) — and it establishes the pattern the others follow: Jewish accusation, Paul's defence, Roman incomprehension of the internal religious question, and a procedurally inconclusive result.
  25. Acts 25Chapter 25 is a pivot chapter.
  26. Acts 26Chapter 26 is the third and final telling of Paul's conversion (compare chapters 9 and 22) and the most rhetorically elaborate.
  27. Acts 27Chapter 27 is one of the most detailed sea narratives in ancient literature and is written in the first person plural (the we-passage resumes at verse 1), which gives it its immediacy.
  28. Acts 28Chapter 28 is the ending the book has been building toward, and it rewards slow reading.

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