Hamlet's letter
A pirate ship. A boarding action. A captured prince. A letter back.
Summary
A small room. A messenger brings Horatio a sealed letter. Horatio opens it and reads. The voice on the page is Hamlet's, in the present tense, with the urgency of a thing just-happened. Two days out from England, he writes, the ship was overhauled by a pirate of "very warlike appointment." A fight followed. Hamlet, "in the grapple," boarded the pirate ship — "I alone became their prisoner" — and the two ships then separated, with the pirates carrying Hamlet off and the original ship continuing for England without him.
The pirates, Hamlet writes, have proved "thieves of mercy" — they have set him ashore on the coast of Denmark in exchange for a future favor. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, he notes drily, have continued on toward England with their sealed orders. He has matters for Horatio's ear that will make him "dumb." Horatio is to deliver the enclosed letters (one for Claudius, others for the queen) and then come to where the messenger will lead him; Hamlet is in hiding nearby.
Horatio gathers the letters and goes with the messenger. The audience now knows that the king's plan to kill Hamlet has failed and that the prince is back in the country, alive, hidden, and presumably no longer interested in delay. The pieces are being moved into position for the final scenes.
- Scene 1Midnight at Elsinore. Two soldiers and a scholar wait on the platform; the dead king's ghost appears in armor, refuses to speak...
- Scene 2The court convenes. Claudius runs through state business with brisk competence and tries to coax Hamlet out of mourning. Hamlet...
- Scene 3Polonius's household. Laertes warns Ophelia not to take Hamlet's affections seriously. Polonius gives Laertes the most-quoted body...
- Scene 4Hamlet on the wall with Horatio and Marcellus. The new king's drinking can be heard from the castle; Hamlet calls it a shameful...
- Scene 5The ghost names Claudius as his murderer, describes the poisoning in the orchard, and demands revenge. Hamlet swears it; Horatio...
- Scene 6Polonius sends his servant Reynaldo to Paris with detailed instructions on how to spy on Laertes. Then Ophelia bursts in: Hamlet...
- Scene 7A long scene. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are recruited to spy on Hamlet; he sees through them at once. The players arrive. One...
- Scene 8The most famous soliloquy in literature ("To be, or not to be") followed by the cruelest scene in the play. Hamlet denies he ever...
- Scene 9The play within the play. Hamlet briefs the actors, stations Horatio to watch Claudius, and stages a re-enactment of the murder....
- Scene 10Hamlet finds Claudius alone, on his knees, trying to pray. He draws his sword and stops — claiming he will not kill the king at...
- Scene 11Hamlet confronts Gertrude in her chamber. Polonius, hidden behind the arras, cries out; Hamlet runs his sword through the curtain...
- Scene 12Gertrude tells Claudius about the killing. Claudius recovers fast — Hamlet must be sent away tonight, ostensibly for everyone's...
- Scene 13A short scene of antic disposition. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern try to extract the body's location; Hamlet treats them to riddles...
- Scene 14Claudius extracts the body's location from Hamlet — by way of a famous monologue on worms, kings, and beggars. Then Hamlet is...
- Scene 15On a plain in Denmark. Hamlet sees Fortinbras's army marching past on its way to fight Poland over a worthless plot of land. The...
- Scene 16Ophelia, mad after her father's death, drifts through the court singing fragments of bawdy songs and giving symbolic flowers. Then...
- Scene 17A short transitional scene. Horatio reads a letter from Hamlet — pirates attacked the ship, he is back in Denmark, Rosencrantz and...
- Scene 18Claudius and Laertes plot. They will stage a fencing match; Laertes will use a poisoned blade; Claudius will have a poisoned cup...
- Scene 19The graveyard scene. Gravediggers joke about decay. Yorick's skull is unearthed; Hamlet delivers the most famous speech of...
- Scene 20The end. Hamlet tells Horatio about the sea voyage. The duel begins. Both Hamlet and Laertes are wounded with the poisoned blade....