Fitt XXVIII — The Homeward Journey — The Two Queens
The Geats sail home; Beowulf gives the shore-warden a gold-bound sword, and the poem pauses to contrast two queens — modest Hygd and the once-terrible Thrytho.
Summary
The shore-warden at Heorot who had challenged the arriving Geats weeks earlier now rides down to meet the departing warriors. He is greeted without insult. Beowulf gives him a gold-bound sword as a gift — the act of a man who understands that the man who guards the approach to a great hall is worth honoring — and the ship pushes off into the sea.
The voyage home is swift. The wave-goer runs on the wind until the well-known headlands of the Geats appear and the ship grinds up onto the familiar shore. The harbor-warden at home is ready, which is noted as a mark of good order in the kingdom. The treasure-laden Geats land without incident.
The poet then digresses on two queens in quick succession. Hygd, Hygelac's young wife — few winters in the stronghold, yet wise and open-handed, not stingy with gifts to the Geats — is introduced and praised. Against her is set the figure of Thrytho, an earlier queen whose cruelty is remembered: she had warriors put to death for daring to look at her by daylight, until she was given in marriage to Offa and became, under his firm goodness, a better queen. The contrast of the two is left for the reader to hold.
- Fitt 1Scyld Scefing's funeral ship is loaded with gold and set adrift — the poem's opening image of power given, used briefly, and...
- Fitt 2Heorot rises as the wonder of the age — and from the moor-fens, Grendel hears its songs of creation and is filled with hatred.
- Fitt 3Grendel tears thirty thanes from their sleep and rules Heorot's nights for twelve unbroken winters — no weapon can touch him, and...
- Fitt 4News of Grendel's reign reaches Geatland, and Beowulf — strongest of living men — orders a ship fitted out and crosses the sea...
- Fitt 5Beowulf speaks plainly of his errand and his lineage; the coastguard, satisfied, leads the Geats to Heorot with their boar-crested...
- Fitt 6A second challenge inside Heorot's walls — Beowulf names himself and requests an audience, and Wulfgar carries the message to...
- Fitt 7Hrothgar recognizes Beowulf's lineage and calls his arrival an act of God; Beowulf volunteers to fight Grendel barehanded, framing...
- Fitt 8Hrothgar tells Beowulf of Ecgtheow's old debt and describes twelve years of brave men who swore to face Grendel — and were gone...
- Fitt 9Unferth taunts Beowulf across the ale-bench, claiming Beowulf was bested by Breca in their famous swimming contest — and demanding...
- Fitt 10Beowulf corrects Unferth's account: the sea-contest involved five nights of monster-killing, not a simple race — and Grendel, he...
- Fitt 11Beowulf removes his armor and sword to fight Grendel bare-handed; the hall sleeps; through the darkness the twilight traveler...
- Fitt 12Grendel enters Heorot blazing-eyed, devours a sleeping warrior, and reaches for another — and finds himself caught in a hand-grip...
- Fitt 13Swords cannot bite Grendel's hide, but Beowulf's hand-grip holds until the monster's shoulder tears; Grendel flees to the mere to...
- Fitt 14At dawn, warriors ride out to trace Grendel's death-trail to the blood-churning mere; riders race and the scop weaves Beowulf's...
- Fitt 15Hrothgar stands beneath Grendel's hanging claw and calls Beowulf the son he never had — thanking God and the hero in the same...
- Fitt 16Hrothgar presents Beowulf with standard, mail-coat, helmet, sword, and eight gold-bridled horses — the poem's most elaborate scene...
- Fitt 17The scop's lay of Finn and Hnæf — a failed peace, a winter at the enemy's hearth, and a hall destroyed — casts its shadow over...
- Fitt 18Hengest's winter captivity ends in the slaughter of Finn and the recovery of Hildeburg; the lay closes and Wealhtheow presents...
- Fitt 19Wealhtheow completes her gifts to Beowulf; the warriors clear the benches and settle to sleep — the poet noting quietly that one...
- Fitt 20Grendel's mother comes in the night and seizes Aeschere, Hrothgar's most beloved counselor — the first killing solved nothing; the...
- Fitt 21Hrothgar describes the monsters' haunted mere — frost-white forests, black water, fire at night, and a deer that would rather die...
- Fitt 22Beowulf arms with Hrunting, the poison-stained sword, and follows the trail to the blood-welling mere where sea-serpents haunt the...
- Fitt 23Beowulf enters the haunted mere without hesitation, sinks to its cave floor, and finds Hrunting useless against Grendel's mother...
- Fitt 24Beowulf finds a giant-forged sword in the cave, kills Grendel's mother, severs Grendel's head, and watches the blade dissolve in...
- Fitt 25Beowulf returns Grendel's head to Heorot, Hrothgar reads the Flood-story engraved on the ancient hilt, and begins his great sermon...
- Fitt 26Hrothgar warns Beowulf that pride invades even the greatest warrior like a wound — then the hall feasts, and Beowulf returns...
- Fitt 27Beowulf bids Hrothgar farewell; the old Danish king weeps openly, calls him the finest young man he has known, and watches the...
- Fitt 28The Geats sail home to their own cliffs; Beowulf gifts the shore-warden a sword, and the poet pauses to contrast two queens...
- Fitt 29Hygelac questions Beowulf eagerly in his hall, relieved he returned alive; Beowulf reports on Denmark and predicts Hrothgar's...
- Fitt 30Beowulf retells the Grendel nights for Hygelac, naming the slain Hondscio and describing Grendel's bag of human skins — details...
- Fitt 31Beowulf gives Hygelac everything Hrothgar awarded him, passing even the great neck-ring to the queen; Hygelac rewards him with...
- Fitt 32A runaway slave takes a cup from a buried hoard; the dragon sleeping on it for three centuries wakes, traces the theft, and burns...
- Fitt 33Beowulf learns his hall is ash, grieves, orders an iron shield, and recalls swimming home from Friesland after Hygelac's death...
- Fitt 34Beowulf marches to the barrow with eleven men and a reluctant guide, pausing to remember Hrethel — the king who died of grief when...
- Fitt 35After recalling the Swedish wars that will undo the Geats after his death, Beowulf makes his last speech to the eleven and walks...
- Fitt 36Wiglaf watches Beowulf burning under the dragon's fire, recalls the gold given in the hall, and goes to his side alone — the ten...
- Fitt 37Wiglaf stabs the dragon from below; Beowulf cuts it through the middle with his war-knife — but the venom from the neck-wound is...
- Fitt 38Wiglaf carries the dragon's hoard to the dying Beowulf, who thanks God and gives Wiglaf his collar, helmet, and mail before dying...
- Fitt 39The ten deserters return to find Wiglaf sitting exhausted beside the two dead bodies; he delivers a cold, specific indictment of...
- Fitt 40A messenger announces Beowulf's death to the waiting Geat host and immediately names the consequence: the Franks, Frisians, and...
- Fitt 41The messenger recounts the Swedish wars in full: how Eofor killed Ongentheow, how Hygelac rewarded him — the history the Geats...
- Fitt 42Wiglaf leads seven men into the barrow; the dragon is pushed into the sea, the hoard loaded onto a wain, and Beowulf's body...
- Fitt 43The Geats burn Beowulf on a pyre hung with helmets and war-coats, raise a great mound at Hronesness, bury the entire hoard in his...