Fitt 10 of 43

Fitt X — Beowulf Silences Unferth — Glee is High

Beowulf corrects the record: the swimming match involved sea-monsters, five nights of combat, and a nine-monster kill at the end — and Grendel would not be a problem if Unferth's heart were half as bold as his tongue.

Summary

Beowulf's counter begins with formal dismissal — Unferth has spoken freely and wildly, fuddled with beer — and then gives the full account. He and Breca were striplings when they made the boast, young men who agreed to test themselves in the sea. What actually happened in those waters was not a race: ill-meaning enemies caused the sorest sorrow, and Beowulf killed them with his sword while they dragged him to the sea-floor. He served them in return — as was fitting. They missed out on the pleasure of feasting on him; instead he killed nine sea-monsters with his weapon, and their bodies lay stretched on the strand come morning.

Fate often saves an undoomed hero if his valor is stout — and Beowulf's is. Light came from the east, God's beautiful beacon, and the waters subsided. He reached the land of the Finns. He then turns on Unferth directly: he has never heard of such daring deeds done by Unferth, or of any sword-terror Unferth has inspired. Then the killing blow: though with cold-blooded cruelty you killed your brothers, your nearest kin, and for that you must suffer dire damnation in hell, however sharp your wits may be. Unferth's fratricide is named and judged in a single sentence. The formal charge is graver than any swimming defeat.

The argument closes with a prediction rather than a boast. Grendel would never have done such countless horrors to Hrothgar if Unferth's heart were as sturdy as Unferth describes. But the terrible enemy has discovered that the fierce-burning hatred and the battle-edge of all the Victory-Scyldings need dismay him little. He takes his toll, kills and feasts, expecting no resistance — from Danes. Now there will be resistance. The hall's response is immediate: the mead-cup circulates, the glee is high. Wealhtheow, queen of the Scyldings, enters under her golden crown and presents Beowulf his cup. The challenge has been answered, the hall has approved, and the night is coming.

All 43 chapters — click to jump
  1. Fitt 1Scyld Scefing's funeral ship is loaded with gold and set adrift — the poem's opening image of power given, used briefly, and...
  2. Fitt 2Heorot rises as the wonder of the age — and from the moor-fens, Grendel hears its songs of creation and is filled with hatred.
  3. Fitt 3Grendel tears thirty thanes from their sleep and rules Heorot's nights for twelve unbroken winters — no weapon can touch him, and...
  4. Fitt 4News of Grendel's reign reaches Geatland, and Beowulf — strongest of living men — orders a ship fitted out and crosses the sea...
  5. Fitt 5Beowulf speaks plainly of his errand and his lineage; the coastguard, satisfied, leads the Geats to Heorot with their boar-crested...
  6. Fitt 6A second challenge inside Heorot's walls — Beowulf names himself and requests an audience, and Wulfgar carries the message to...
  7. Fitt 7Hrothgar recognizes Beowulf's lineage and calls his arrival an act of God; Beowulf volunteers to fight Grendel barehanded, framing...
  8. Fitt 8Hrothgar tells Beowulf of Ecgtheow's old debt and describes twelve years of brave men who swore to face Grendel — and were gone...
  9. Fitt 9Unferth taunts Beowulf across the ale-bench, claiming Beowulf was bested by Breca in their famous swimming contest — and demanding...
  10. Fitt 10Beowulf corrects Unferth's account: the sea-contest involved five nights of monster-killing, not a simple race — and Grendel, he...
  11. Fitt 11Beowulf removes his armor and sword to fight Grendel bare-handed; the hall sleeps; through the darkness the twilight traveler...
  12. Fitt 12Grendel enters Heorot blazing-eyed, devours a sleeping warrior, and reaches for another — and finds himself caught in a hand-grip...
  13. Fitt 13Swords cannot bite Grendel's hide, but Beowulf's hand-grip holds until the monster's shoulder tears; Grendel flees to the mere to...
  14. Fitt 14At dawn, warriors ride out to trace Grendel's death-trail to the blood-churning mere; riders race and the scop weaves Beowulf's...
  15. Fitt 15Hrothgar stands beneath Grendel's hanging claw and calls Beowulf the son he never had — thanking God and the hero in the same...
  16. Fitt 16Hrothgar presents Beowulf with standard, mail-coat, helmet, sword, and eight gold-bridled horses — the poem's most elaborate scene...
  17. Fitt 17The scop's lay of Finn and Hnæf — a failed peace, a winter at the enemy's hearth, and a hall destroyed — casts its shadow over...
  18. Fitt 18Hengest's winter captivity ends in the slaughter of Finn and the recovery of Hildeburg; the lay closes and Wealhtheow presents...
  19. Fitt 19Wealhtheow completes her gifts to Beowulf; the warriors clear the benches and settle to sleep — the poet noting quietly that one...
  20. Fitt 20Grendel's mother comes in the night and seizes Aeschere, Hrothgar's most beloved counselor — the first killing solved nothing; the...
  21. Fitt 21Hrothgar describes the monsters' haunted mere — frost-white forests, black water, fire at night, and a deer that would rather die...
  22. Fitt 22Beowulf arms with Hrunting, the poison-stained sword, and follows the trail to the blood-welling mere where sea-serpents haunt the...
  23. Fitt 23Beowulf enters the haunted mere without hesitation, sinks to its cave floor, and finds Hrunting useless against Grendel's mother...
  24. Fitt 24Beowulf finds a giant-forged sword in the cave, kills Grendel's mother, severs Grendel's head, and watches the blade dissolve in...
  25. Fitt 25Beowulf returns Grendel's head to Heorot, Hrothgar reads the Flood-story engraved on the ancient hilt, and begins his great sermon...
  26. Fitt 26Hrothgar warns Beowulf that pride invades even the greatest warrior like a wound — then the hall feasts, and Beowulf returns...
  27. Fitt 27Beowulf bids Hrothgar farewell; the old Danish king weeps openly, calls him the finest young man he has known, and watches the...
  28. Fitt 28The Geats sail home to their own cliffs; Beowulf gifts the shore-warden a sword, and the poet pauses to contrast two queens...
  29. Fitt 29Hygelac questions Beowulf eagerly in his hall, relieved he returned alive; Beowulf reports on Denmark and predicts Hrothgar's...
  30. Fitt 30Beowulf retells the Grendel nights for Hygelac, naming the slain Hondscio and describing Grendel's bag of human skins — details...
  31. Fitt 31Beowulf gives Hygelac everything Hrothgar awarded him, passing even the great neck-ring to the queen; Hygelac rewards him with...
  32. Fitt 32A runaway slave takes a cup from a buried hoard; the dragon sleeping on it for three centuries wakes, traces the theft, and burns...
  33. Fitt 33Beowulf learns his hall is ash, grieves, orders an iron shield, and recalls swimming home from Friesland after Hygelac's death...
  34. Fitt 34Beowulf marches to the barrow with eleven men and a reluctant guide, pausing to remember Hrethel — the king who died of grief when...
  35. Fitt 35After recalling the Swedish wars that will undo the Geats after his death, Beowulf makes his last speech to the eleven and walks...
  36. Fitt 36Wiglaf watches Beowulf burning under the dragon's fire, recalls the gold given in the hall, and goes to his side alone — the ten...
  37. Fitt 37Wiglaf stabs the dragon from below; Beowulf cuts it through the middle with his war-knife — but the venom from the neck-wound is...
  38. Fitt 38Wiglaf carries the dragon's hoard to the dying Beowulf, who thanks God and gives Wiglaf his collar, helmet, and mail before dying...
  39. Fitt 39The ten deserters return to find Wiglaf sitting exhausted beside the two dead bodies; he delivers a cold, specific indictment of...
  40. Fitt 40A messenger announces Beowulf's death to the waiting Geat host and immediately names the consequence: the Franks, Frisians, and...
  41. Fitt 41The messenger recounts the Swedish wars in full: how Eofor killed Ongentheow, how Hygelac rewarded him — the history the Geats...
  42. Fitt 42Wiglaf leads seven men into the barrow; the dragon is pushed into the sea, the hoard loaded onto a wain, and Beowulf's body...
  43. Fitt 43The Geats burn Beowulf on a pyre hung with helmets and war-coats, raise a great mound at Hronesness, bury the entire hoard in his...

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